Friction welding is a technology that uses the heat generated by solid friction to heat metal materials to the melting point to realize welding. It has a series of advantages and disadvantages. This paper will systematically discuss the advantages and disadvantages of friction welding processing.
advantage
1. High welding efficiency
Compared with the traditional welding method, friction welding has a faster welding speed, which can achieve efficient welding in small batch and large-scale production, and the production efficiency is higher than other welding methods. Friction welding machine is highly mechanized, suitable for robotic operation, and can reduce labor intensity of workers.
2. Good quality after welding
Since there is no molten pool during friction welding processing, some conventional welding defect will not occur to the materials, such as various shrinkage cavities, pores, cracks and other welding defect. At the same time, the welding area is rigidly clamped, which is not prone to deformation or thermal deformation, and can maintain integrity and accuracy. According to different welding conditions, the strength and hardness of friction welded joints can be significantly improved.
3. No environmental pollution
Friction welding process does not use any flux and external additives, there is no sound, sparks and smoke, and only a small amount of oily lubricant is required to achieve processing. Therefore, this type of processing does not pollute the environment and does not pose any harm to workers, making it an environmentally friendly processing method.
4. Suitable for joining multiple materials
Traditional welding methods or solid-state connections are difficult to weld or connect thin-walled materials with different types of materials. Friction welding can realize the joint of these materials, such as stainless steel and aluminum, iron and aluminum, copper and stainless steel and other materials, and has a wide range of applicability.
shortcoming
1. High equipment cost
The cost of machinery, equipment, tooling and tools for friction welding is higher than that of conventional machining tools. Especially in achieving robotic, high-speed, and efficient automated processing, the cost is more significant.
2. Limited weld length
Since friction welding requires heating and heat transfer in the area near the butt joint, it is impossible to weld the whole length. In most cases, the length of friction welding weld is mm or more than two decimal places. This is because when welding longer materials, longer seams can lead to greater demands for heating and pressure, which may damage the workpiece.
3. Dependence on material processing performance
Different metal materials have their unique processing properties, and friction welding needs appropriate metal materials, so that the whole working process can be smooth. Therefore, in the process of friction welding, special care should be taken when selecting metal materials to prevent possible rejection or butt failure of electrode and workpiece.
4. Dependency on usage environment
Since friction welding processing is affected by ambient temperature and humidity, processing in dry season or low temperature environment is likely to pose challenges. It should be noted that such processing should be avoided during cold and humid conditions.
conclusion
On the whole, the advantages and disadvantages of friction welding processing are different. According to production needs, suitable welding methods can be selected based on the specific attributes and investment budget of the produced workpiece. Among the relative disadvantages of friction welding processing, some advantages and disadvantages can be overcome, processing efficiency can be improved and application scope can be expanded through process optimization and technological innovation.
